1. See the following studies for accounts of recent political factionalism in different sectors of Senegalese society. The works of William J. Foltz noted in footnote 3; Clement Cottingham, “Political Consolidation and Centre-Local Relations in Senegal,” Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 4, no. I (Winter 1970), pp. 101–120; Lucy Behrman, Muslim Brotherhoods and Politics in Senegal (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970); Donal B. Cruise O'Brien, The Mourides of Senegal (London: Oxford University Press, 1971); Guy Pfeffermann, Industrial Labor in the Republic of Senegal (New York: Praeger, 1968); François Zuccarelli, Un Parti politique africain: l'Union progressiste sénégalaise (Paris: Librairie générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1970).
2. A grant from the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council enabled us to do research on local politics in Senegal in 1964–1965. The design of the research, its conduct, and the interpretation of the results are our responsibility and in no wise attributable to the grantees. An earlier draft of this essay was delivered at the Stanford-Yale Conference on Senegal in April, 1967.
3. William J. Foltz, From French West Africa to the Mali Federation (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1965), pp. 138–9 and passim. Also William J. Foltz, “Social Structure and Political Behavior of Senegalese Elites.” Paper read at the American Political Science Association Meeting, Chicago, 1964.
4. Foltz, From French West Africa to the Mali Federation, p. 138.
5. Foltz, “Social Structure and Political Behavior of Senegalese Elites.”