1. Langworthy, H. W. 1969. “A History of Undi’s Kingdom to 1890: Aspects of Chewa History in East Central Africa.” Ph.D. Thesis, Boston University.
2. Phiri, K. M. 1975. “Chewa History in Central Malawi and the Use of Oral Tradition, 1600-1920.” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
3. Historians, are Archeologists Your Siblings?