1. Most of the field research on which this paper is based was conducted under a grant from the Foreign Area Fellowship Program while the author was a Visiting Research Associate of the Institute for Development Studies, University College, Nairobi, Kenya. Support from the Canada Council for the preparation of the paper is also gratefully acknowledged.
2. The argument that contemporary politics in Kenya has been conditioned by a dual colonial legacy involving a weak nationalist movement and a strong governmental structure is brought out most clearly in Cherry Gertzel,The Politics of Independent Kenya, 1963–68(London, 1970). See especially ch. 1.
3. On weaknesses within KANU, see George Bennett and Carl G. Rosberg,The Kenyatta Election(London. 1961), ii; and John Okumu, ‘Charisma and Politics in Kenya’,East Africa Journal, Feb. 1968. A frank assessment of the party's problems and an exposition of measures necessary to deal with them is contained in a speech by Kenyatta to the KANU Delegates’ Conference at Limuru on 13 March, 1966, reprinted in Jomo Kenyatta,Suffering Without Bitterness(Nairobi, 1968), 298–301.
4. Cherry Gertzel, ‘The Provincial Administration in Kenya’,Journal of Commonwealth Political Studies, Nov. 1966, 201–2.
5. The growth rate is calculated in theUnited Nations Mission to Kenya on Housing Report(Nairobi, 1965), 62.