Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author:

Théry Clotilde1ORCID,Witwer Kenneth W23ORCID,Aikawa Elena45,Alcaraz Maria Jose6,Anderson Johnathon D7,Andriantsitohaina Ramaroson8,Antoniou Anna910,Arab Tanina11,Archer Fabienne12,Atkin-Smith Georgia K13,Ayre D Craig1415,Bach Jean-Marie16,Bachurski Daniel17,Baharvand Hossein1819,Balaj Leonora20,Baldacchino Shawn21,Bauer Natalie N22,Baxter Amy A13,Bebawy Mary23,Beckham Carla24,Bedina Zavec Apolonija25,Benmoussa Abderrahim26,Berardi Anna C27,Bergese Paolo282930,Bielska Ewa31,Blenkiron Cherie32,Bobis-Wozowicz Sylwia33,Boilard Eric26,Boireau Wilfrid34,Bongiovanni Antonella35,Borràs Francesc E363738,Bosch Steffi16,Boulanger Chantal M3940,Breakefield Xandra41,Breglio Andrew M4243,Brennan Meadhbh Á444546,Brigstock David R4748,Brisson Alain49,Broekman Marike LD505152,Bromberg Jacqueline F5354,Bryl-Górecka Paulina55,Buch Shilpa56,Buck Amy H57,Burger Dylan585960,Busatto Sara6130,Buschmann Dominik62,Bussolati Benedetta63,Buzás Edit I6465,Byrd James Bryan66,Camussi Giovanni67,Carter David RF68,Caruso Sarah13,Chamley Lawrence W69,Chang Yu-Ting70,Chen Chihchen7172,Chen Shuai73,Cheng Lesley13,Chin Andrew R74,Clayton Aled75,Clerici Stefano P76,Cocks Alex75,Cocucci Emanuele7778,Coffey Robert J79,Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela80,Couch Yvonne81,Coumans Frank AW82,Coyle Beth83,Crescitelli Rossella84,Criado Miria Ferreira85,D’Souza-Schorey Crislyn86,Das Saumya87,Datta Chaudhuri Amrita3,de Candia Paola88,De Santana Eliezer F89,De Wever Olivier9091,del Portillo Hernando A929394,Demaret Tanguy95,Deville Sarah9697,Devitt Andrew98,Dhondt Bert909991,Di Vizio Dolores74,Dieterich Lothar C100,Dolo Vincenza101,Dominguez Rubio Ana Paula102,Dominici Massimo103104,Dourado Mauricio R105106,Driedonks Tom AP107,Duarte Filipe V108,Duncan Heather M109110,Eichenberger Ramon M111,Ekström Karin112,EL Andaloussi Samir113114,Elie-Caille Celine34,Erdbrügger Uta115,Falcón-Pérez Juan M116117,Fatima Farah118,Fish Jason E119120,Flores-Bellver Miguel121,Försönits András65,Frelet-Barrand Annie34,Fricke Fabia122123,Fuhrmann Gregor124125126,Gabrielsson Susanne127,Gámez-Valero Ana36128,Gardiner Chris129,Gärtner Kathrin130,Gaudin Raphael131132,Gho Yong Song133,Giebel Bernd134,Gilbert Caroline26,Gimona Mario135,Giusti Ilaria101,Goberdhan Deborah CI136,Görgens André113137134,Gorski Sharon M138139,Greening David W13,Gross Julia Christina140141,Gualerzi Alice142,Gupta Gopal N143,Gustafson Dakota120,Handberg Aase144145,Haraszti Reka A146,Harrison Paul147,Hegyesi Hargita65,Hendrix An9091,Hill Andrew F13,Hochberg Fred H148149,Hoffmann Karl F150,Holder Beth151152,Holthofer Harry153,Hosseinkhani Baharak154,Hu Guoku56,Huang Yiyao1552,Huber Veronica156,Hunt Stuart157,Ibrahim Ahmed Gamal-Eldin158,Ikezu Tsuneya159,Inal Jameel M160,Isin Mustafa161,Ivanova Alena162,Jackson Hannah K83,Jacobsen Soren163164,Jay Steven M165,Jayachandran Muthuvel166,Jenster Guido167,Jiang Lanzhou13,Johnson Suzanne M168,Jones Jennifer C169,Jong Ambrose170171,Jovanovic-Talisman Tijana172,Jung Stephanie173,Kalluri Raghu174,Kano Shin-ichi175,Kaur Sukhbir176,Kawamura Yumi177178,Keller Evan T179180,Khamari Delaram65,Khomyakova Elena181182,Khvorova Anastasia146,Kierulf Peter183,Kim Kwang Pyo184,Kislinger Thomas185186,Klingeborn Mikael187,Klinke David J188189,Kornek Miroslaw190191,Kosanović Maja M192,Kovács Árpád Ferenc65,Krämer-Albers Eva-Maria193,Krasemann Susanne194,Krause Mirja195,Kurochkin Igor V196,Kusuma Gina D195197,Kuypers Sören198,Laitinen Saara199,Langevin Scott M200201,Languino Lucia R202,Lannigan Joanne203,Lässer Cecilia84,Laurent Louise C204,Lavieu Gregory1,Lázaro-Ibáñez Elisa205,Le Lay Soazig8,Lee Myung-Shin206,Lee Yi Xin Fiona207,Lemos Debora S208,Lenassi Metka209,Leszczynska Aleksandra210,Li Isaac TS211,Liao Ke56,Libregts Sten F212,Ligeti Erzsebet213,Lim Rebecca195197,Lim Sai Kiang214,Linē Aija215,Linnemannstöns Karen140141,Llorente Alicia216,Lombard Catherine A95,Lorenowicz Magdalena J217,Lörincz Ákos M213,Lötvall Jan84,Lovett Jason218,Lowry Michelle C219,Loyer Xavier3940,Lu Quan220,Lukomska Barbara221,Lunavat Taral R222,Maas Sybren LN223224,Malhi Harmeet225,Marcilla Antonio226227,Mariani Jacopo228,Mariscal Javier74,Martens-Uzunova Elena S167,Martin-Jaular Lorena1,Martinez M Carmen8,Martins Vilma Regina229,Mathieu Mathilde1,Mathivanan Suresh13,Maugeri Marco230,McGinnis Lynda K231,McVey Mark J232233,Meckes David G234,Meehan Katie L235,Mertens Inge23697,Minciacchi Valentina R237,Möller Andreas238,Møller Jørgensen Malene239240,Morales-Kastresana Aizea169,Morhayim Jess241,Mullier François242243,Muraca Maurizio244,Musante Luca115,Mussack Veronika62,Muth Dillon C2,Myburgh Kathryn H218,Najrana Tanbir245,Nawaz Muhammad230,Nazarenko Irina246247,Nejsum Peter248,Neri Christian249,Neri Tommaso250,Nieuwland Rienk82,Nimrichter Leonardo251,Nolan John P148,Nolte-’t Hoen Esther NM107,Noren Hooten Nicole252,O’Driscoll Lorraine219,O’Grady Tina253,O’Loghlen Ana254,Ochiya Takahiro255,Olivier Martin256,Ortiz Alberto257258259,Ortiz Luis A260,Osteikoetxea Xabier261,Østergaard Ole262263,Ostrowski Matias264,Park Jaesung133,Pegtel D. Michiel265,Peinado Hector266,Perut Francesca267,Pfaffl Michael W62,Phinney Donald G268,Pieters Bartijn CH269,Pink Ryan C68,Pisetsky David S270271,Pogge von Strandmann Elke272,Polakovicova Iva273274,Poon Ivan KH13,Powell Bonita H2,Prada Ilaria275,Pulliam Lynn276277,Quesenberry Peter278,Radeghieri Annalisa2830,Raffai Robert L279276,Raimondo Stefania280,Rak Janusz281256,Ramirez Marcel I282283,Raposo Graça284,Rayyan Morsi S285,Regev-Rudzki Neta286,Ricklefs Franz L287,Robbins Paul D288,Roberts David D176,Rodrigues Silvia C289108,Rohde Eva290135291,Rome Sophie292,Rouschop Kasper MA293,Rughetti Aurelia294,Russell Ashley E295,Saá Paula296,Sahoo Susmita297,Salas-Huenuleo Edison298299,Sánchez Catherine300,Saugstad Julie A301,Saul Meike J302,Schiffelers Raymond M303,Schneider Raphael120304,Schøyen Tine Hiorth2,Scott Aaron305,Shahaj Eriomina156,Sharma Shivani306307308,Shatnyeva Olga205,Shekari Faezeh18,Shelke Ganesh Vilas30984,Shetty Ashok K310311,Shiba Kiyotaka312,Siljander Pia R-M313314,Silva Andreia M315316317,Skowronek Agata318,Snyder Orman L319,Soares Rodrigo Pedro320,Sódar Barbara W65,Soekmadji Carolina238321,Sotillo Javier111,Stahl Philip D322,Stoorvogel Willem107,Stott Shannon L323324,Strasser Erwin F325,Swift Simon326,Tahara Hidetoshi327,Tewari Muneesh179328329,Timms Kate330,Tiwari Swasti331332,Tixeira Rochelle13,Tkach Mercedes1,Toh Wei Seong333,Tomasini Richard334,Torrecilhas Ana Claudia335,Tosar Juan Pablo336337,Toxavidis Vasilis338,Urbanelli Lorena339,Vader Pieter303,van Balkom Bas WM340,van der Grein Susanne G107,Van Deun Jan9091,van Herwijnen Martijn JC107,Van Keuren-Jensen Kendall341,van Niel Guillaume342,van Royen Martin E343,van Wijnen Andre J344,Vasconcelos M Helena345346316,Vechetti Ivan J347,Veit Tiago D348,Vella Laura J349350,Velot Émilie351,Verweij Frederik J342,Vestad Beate352353354,Viñas Jose L585960,Visnovitz Tamás65,Vukman Krisztina V65,Wahlgren Jessica355,Watson Dionysios C356357,Wauben Marca HM107,Weaver Alissa358,Webber Jason P75,Weber Viktoria359,Wehman Ann M360,Weiss Daniel J361,Welsh Joshua A169,Wendt Sebastian362,Wheelock Asa M363,Wiener Zoltán65,Witte Leonie140141,Wolfram Joy364365366,Xagorari Angeliki367,Xander Patricia368,Xu Jing138139,Yan Xiaomei369,Yáñez-Mó María370371,Yin Hang372,Yuana Yuana373,Zappulli Valentina374,Zarubova Jana375376377,Žėkas Vytautas378,Zhang Jian-ye379,Zhao Zezhou2,Zheng Lei155,Zheutlin Alexander R285,Zickler Antje M380,Zimmermann Pascale381382,Zivkovic Angela M383,Zocco Davide384,Zuba-Surma Ewa K33

Affiliation:

1. Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France

2. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA

3. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA

4. Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Boston, MA, USA

5. Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

6. Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), University of Valencia, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

7. University of California, Davis, Department of Otolaryngology, Davis, CA, USA

8. INSERM U1063, Université d’Angers, CHU d’Angers, Angers, France

9. German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany

10. University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany

11. Université de Lille, INSERM, U-1192, Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France

12. University of Lyon, INRA, EPHE, UMR754 Viral Infections and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France

13. La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia

14. Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, Canada

15. Mount Allison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sackville, Canada

16. Université Bretagne Loire, Oniris, INRA, IECM, Nantes, France

17. University of Cologne, Department of Internal Medicine I, Cologne, Germany

18. Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Cell Science Research Center, Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Tehran, Iran

19. University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Department of Developmental Biology, Tehran, Iran

20. Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Boston, MA, USA

21. University of Malta, Department of Pathology, Msida, Malta

22. University of South Alabama, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Lung Biology, Mobile, AL, USA

23. University of Technology Sydney, Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, Sydney, Australia

24. University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA

25. National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia

26. Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quebec City, Canada

27. Ospedale Santo Spirito, Pescara, Italy

28. CSGI - Research Center for Colloids and Nanoscience, Florence, Italy

29. INSTM - National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy

30. University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy

31. University of Birmingham, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Birmingham, UK

32. University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

33. Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Kraków, Poland

34. FEMTO-ST Institute, UBFC, CNRS, ENSMM, UTBM, Besançon, France

35. Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Palermo, Italy

36. Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, REMAR-IVECAT Group, Badalona, Spain

37. Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Nephrology Service, Badalona, Spain

38. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Barcelona, Spain

39. INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France

40. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France

41. Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Boston, MA, USA

42. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA

43. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, MD, USA

44. Harvard University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA

45. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA

46. Université de Nantes, INSERM UMR 1238, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, PhyOS, Nantes, France

47. Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA

48. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

49. UMR-CBMN, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

50. Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Hague, The Netherlands

51. Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden, The Netherlands

52. Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA

53. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA

54. Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA

55. Lund University, Department of Cardiology, Lund, Sweden

56. University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Omaha, NE, USA

57. University of Edinburgh, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, Edinburgh, UK

58. Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada

59. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada

60. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

61. Mayo Clinic, Department of Transplantation, Jacksonville, FL, USA

62. Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Germany

63. University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy

64. MTA-SE Immuno-Proteogenomics Research Groups, Budapest, Hungary

65. Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary

66. University of Michigan, Department of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

67. University of Torino, Department of Medical Sciences, Torino, Italy

68. Oxford Brookes University, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford, UK

69. University of Auckland, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Auckland, New Zealand

70. National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

71. National Tsing Hua University, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, Hsinchu, Taiwan

72. National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Hsinchu, Taiwan

73. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Reproductive Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany

74. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

75. Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK

76. UNICAMP, Institute of Biology, Campinas, Brazil

77. The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Columbus, OH, USA

78. The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA

79. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Epithelial Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

80. University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUP), IBMC/I3S, Porto, Portugal

81. University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Acute Stroke Programme - Investigative Medicine, Oxford, UK

82. Academic Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Vesicle Observation Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

83. The University of Nottingham, School of Medicine, Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, Nottingham, UK

84. University of Gothenburg, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Krefting Research Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden

85. University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

86. University of Notre Dame, Department of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN, USA

87. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

88. IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

89. The Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil

90. Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium

91. Ghent University, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent, Belgium

92. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain

93. Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), PVREX group, Badalona, Spain

94. ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, PVREX Group, Barcelona, Spain

95. Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Brussels, Belgium

96. Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium

97. Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Mol, Belgium

98. Aston University, School of Life & Health Sciences, Birmingham, UK

99. Ghent University Hospital, Department of Urology, Ghent, Belgium

100. ETH Zurich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland

101. University of L’Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L’Aquila, Italy

102. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina

103. TPM of Mirandola, Mirandola, Italy

104. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Division of Oncology, Modena, Italy

105. University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba, Brazil

106. University of Oulu, Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Oulu, Finland

107. Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

108. Exogenus Therapeutics, Cantanhede, Portugal

109. McGill University, Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Canada

110. McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Child Health and Human Development Program, Montreal, Canada

111. James Cook University, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Cairns, Australia

112. University of Gothenburg, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Biomaterials, Gothenburg, Sweden

113. Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK

114. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

115. University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Charlottesville, VA, USA

116. CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Exosomes Laboratory & Metabolomics Platform, Derio, Spain

117. IKERBASQUE Research Science Foundation, Bilbao, Spain

118. University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

119. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada

120. University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Canada

121. University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Cell Sight-Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Aurora, CO, USA

122. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, Heidelberg, Germany

123. University Hospital Heidelberg, Institute of Pathology, Applied Tumor Biology, Heidelberg, Germany

124. Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany

125. Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany

126. Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

127. Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine Solna, Division for Immunology and Allergy, Stockholm, Sweden

128. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital Universitari and Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Department of Pathology, Barcelona, Spain

129. University College London, London, UK

130. Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Gene Vectors, Munich, Germany

131. INSERM U1110, Strasbourg, France

132. Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

133. POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Department of Life Sciences, Pohang, South Korea

134. University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Essen, Germany

135. Paracelsus Medical University, GMP Unit, Salzburg, Austria

136. University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK

137. Karolinska Institute, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden

138. BC Cancer, Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada

139. Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, Canada

140. University Medical Center Göttingen, Developmental Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany

141. University Medical Center Göttingen, Hematology and Oncology, Göttingen, Germany

142. IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), Milan, Italy

143. Loyola University Chicago, Department of Urology, Maywood, IL, USA

144. Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg, Denmark

145. Aalborg University, Clinical Institute, Aalborg, Denmark

146. University of Massachusetts Medical School, RNA Therapeutics Institute, Worcester, MA, USA

147. University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

148. Scintillon Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

149. University of California, San Diego, Department of Neurosurgery, La Jolla, CA, USA

150. Aberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth, United Kingdom

151. Imperial College London, London, UK

152. MRC The Gambia, Fajara, The Gambia

153. University Clinic Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

154. Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium

155. Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, China

156. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Milan, Italy

157. The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

158. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA

159. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

160. University of Hertfordshire, School of Life and Medical Sciences, Biosciences Research Group, Hatfield, UK

161. Istanbul University Oncology Institute, Basic Oncology Department, Istanbul, Turkey

162. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany

163. Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Section 4242 - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

164. University of Copenhagen, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark

165. University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, MD, USA

166. Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, MN, USA

167. Department of Urology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

168. University of Manchester, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK

169. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD, USA

170. Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

171. University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

172. City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Duarte, CA, USA

173. German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Virology, Munich, Germany

174. University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, Houston, TX, USA

175. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA

176. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, Bethesda, MD, USA

177. National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan

178. University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

179. University of Michigan, Biointerfaces Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

180. University of Michigan, Department of Urology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

181. École normale supérieure, Paris, France

182. Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia

183. Oslo University Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Blood Cell Research Group, Oslo, Norway

184. Kyung Hee University, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yongin, Korea

185. Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada

186. University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada

187. Duke University, Department of Ophthalmology, Durham, NC, USA

188. West Virginia University, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and WVU Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA

189. West Virginia University, Department of Microbiology Immunology and Cell Biology, Morgantown, WV, USA

190. German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Koblenz, Germany

191. Saarland University Medical Center, Department of Medicine II, Homburg, Germany

192. University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Belgrade, Serbia

193. University of Mainz, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany

194. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Neuropathology, Hamburg, Germany

195. Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia

196. Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Co., Kobe, Japan

197. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

198. Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt, Belgium

199. Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland

200. Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

201. University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

202. Thomas Jefferson University, Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Department of Cancer Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA

203. University of Virginia, Flow Cytometry Core, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA

204. University of California, San Diego, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA

205. AstraZeneca, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, Gothenburg, Sweden

206. Eulji University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea

207. Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore

208. Federal University of Paraná, Department of Genetics, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil

209. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia

210. University of California, San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, San Diego, CA, USA

211. University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada

212. University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Cambridge NIHR BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Cambridge, UK

213. Semmelweis University, Department of Physiology, Budapest, Hungary

214. Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science and Technology (A*STAR), Singapore

215. Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia

216. Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo, Norway

217. Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Center for Molecular Medicine & Regenerative Medicine Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands

218. Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa

219. Trinity College Dublin, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland

220. Harvard University, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

221. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, NeuroRepair Department, Warsaw, Poland

222. K.G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Centre, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

223. Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Institute of Neurosciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands

224. Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

225. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

226. Universitat de València, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Àrea de Parasitologia, Valencia, Spain

227. Universitat de València, Health Research Institute La Fe, Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Valencia, Spain

228. Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPIGET LAB, Milan, Italy

229. A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil

230. University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Gothenburg, Sweden

231. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

232. SickKids Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Toronto, Canada

233. University of Toronto, Department of Anesthesia, Toronto, Canada

234. Florida State University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL, USA

235. The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

236. University of Antwerp, Centre for Proteomics, Antwerp, Belgium

237. Georg-Speyer-Haus Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany

238. QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia

239. Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg, Denmark

240. EVSEARCH.DK, Denmark

241. Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

242. Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), NARILIS, Namur, Belgium

243. Université Catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology-Hemostasis Laboratory, Yvoir, Belgium

244. University of Padova, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova, Italy

245. Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA

246. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

247. Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany

248. Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark

249. Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit Biology of Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Team Compensation in Neurodegenerative and Aging (Brain-C), Paris, France

250. University of Pisa, Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardio-Respiratoria, Pisa, Italy

251. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

252. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA

253. University of Liège, GIGA-R(MBD), PSI Laboratory, Liège, Belgium

254. Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence Group, London, UK

255. National Cancer Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

256. McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada

257. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Madrid, Spain

258. Spanish Kidney Research Network, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain

259. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Madrid, Spain

260. Graduate School of Public Health at the University of Pittsburgh, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

261. AstraZeneca, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, Cambridge, UK

262. Statens Serum Institut, Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Copenhagen, Denmark

263. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark

264. University of Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina

265. Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

266. Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Molecular Oncology Programme, Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Madrid, Spain

267. IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Bologna, Italy

268. The Scripps Research Institute-Scripps Florida, Department of Molecular Medicine, Jupiter, FL, USA

269. Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Rheumatology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

270. Duke University Medical Center, Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Durham, NC, USA

271. Durham VAMC, Medical Research Service, Durham, NC, USA

272. Philipps University Marburg, Experimental Tumor Biology, Marburg, Germany

273. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile

274. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Santiago, Chile

275. CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy

276. University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

277. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA

278. The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA

279. Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco, CA, USA

280. University of Palermo, Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Palermo, Italy

281. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

282. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

283. Universidade Federal de Paraná, Paraná, Brazil

284. Institut Curie, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France

285. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

286. Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Rehovot, Israel

287. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamburg, Germany

288. University of Minnesota Medical School, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA

289. CNC, Coimbra, Portugal

290. Paracelsus Medical University, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Salzburg, Austria

291. Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria

292. University of Lyon, Lyon-Sud Faculty of Medicine, CarMeN Laboratory (UMR INSERM 1060-INRA 1397), Pierre-Bénite, France

293. Maastricht University, GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht Radiation Oncology (MaastRO) Lab, Maastricht, The Netherlands

294. Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy

295. West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

296. American Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD, USA

297. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, Cardiology, New York City, NY, USA

298. Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile

299. University of Chile, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Santiago, Chile

300. Clínica las Condes, Extracellular Vesicles in Personalized Medicine Group, Santiago, Chile

301. Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Portland, OR, USA

302. Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Darmstadt, Germany

303. University Medical Center Utrecht, Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry & Hematology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

304. University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Toronto, Canada

305. University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

306. University of California, Los Angeles, California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA

307. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

308. University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

309. University of Gothenburg, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Gothenburg, Sweden

310. Research Service, Olin E. Teague Veterans’ Medical Center, Temple, TX, USA

311. Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College Station, TX, USA

312. Cancer Institute of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan

313. University of Helsinki, EV Core Facility, Helsinki, Finland

314. University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, EV group, Helsinki, Finland

315. INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal

316. University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal

317. University of Porto, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal

318. Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland

319. Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA

320. René Rachou Institute/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

321. The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

322. Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA

323. Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

324. Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA

325. FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Transfusion and Haemostaseology Department, Erlangen, Germany

326. University of Auckland, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Auckland, New Zealand

327. Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hiroshima, Japan

328. University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

329. University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology/Oncology Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

330. University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

331. Georgetown University, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA

332. Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Lucknow, India

333. National University of Singapore, Faculty of Dentistry, Singapore

334. INSERM U1068, Aix Marseille University, CNRS UMR7258, Marseille, France

335. UNIFESP, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Diadema, Brazil

336. Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Functional Genomics Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay

337. Universidad de la República, Faculty of Science, Nuclear Research Center, Analytical Biochemistry Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay

338. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

339. University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia, Italy

340. University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Utrecht, The Netherlands

341. TGen, Neurogenomics Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA

342. Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, INSERM U894, Paris, France

343. Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

344. Mayo Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA

345. IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

346. University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUP), Porto, Portugal

347. University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Lexington, KY, USA

348. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil

349. The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia

350. The University of Melbourne, The Department of Medicine, Melbourne, Australia

351. UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France

352. Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway

353. Regional Research Network on Extracellular Vesicles, RRNEV, Oslo, Norway

354. University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway

355. University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Mölndal, Sweden

356. Case Western Reserve University, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

357. University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

358. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN, USA

359. Danube University Krems, Department for Biomedical Research and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Approaches in Sepsis, Krems an der Donau, Austria

360. University of Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany

361. The University of Vermont Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA

362. University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Aachen, Germany

363. Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Stockholm, Sweden

364. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, China

365. Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, Houston, TX, USA

366. Mayo Clinic, Department of Transplantation Medicine/Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Jacksonville, FL, USA

367. George Papanicolaou Hospital, Public Cord Blood Bank, Department of Haematology - BMT Unit, Thessaloniki, Greece

368. Universidade Federal de São Paulo Campus Diadema, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, São Paulo, Brazil

369. Xiamen University, Department of Chemical Biology, Xiamen, China

370. Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain

371. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Madrid, Spain

372. Tsinghua University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, China

373. Technical University Eindhoven, Faculty Biomedical Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

374. University of Padova, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Padova, Italy

375. Institute of Physiology CAS, Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic

376. Institute of Physiology CAS, Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic

377. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Bioengineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA

378. Vilnius University, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania

379. Guangzhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou, China

380. Karolinska Institute, Clinical Research Center, Unit for Molecular Cell and Gene Therapy Science, Stockholm, Sweden

381. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France

382. KU Leuven (Leuven University), Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium

383. University of California, Davis, Department of Nutrition, Davis, CA, USA

384. Exosomics Siena SpA, Siena, Italy

Funder

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

National Institute on Aging

National Institute on Drug Abuse

INSERM, Institut Curie, Ministry of Education

INCa

Fondation ARC

Sidaction

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cell Biology,Histology

Reference320 articles.

1. References, especially those provided to illustrate methods and approaches, are representative only, and are not meant to be a comprehensive review of the literature. Most references were derived from suggestions provided in the MISEV2018 Survey results. Each reference was checked by multiple authors. Citation implies deemed relevance of scientific content and not an endorsement by the authors or ISEV of any particular journal or editorial practice.

2. Minimal experimental requirements for definition of extracellular vesicles and their functions: a position statement from the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles

3. Updating the MISEV minimal requirements for extracellular vesicle studies: building bridges to reproducibility

4. Ectocytosis caused by sublytic autologous complement attack on human neutrophils. The sorting of endogenous plasma-membrane proteins and lipids into shed vesicles

5. Ectosomes and exosomes: shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles

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