1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 1989, Guide specification for fatigue design of steel bridges.
2. British Standards Institution, 1980, BS 5400: Steel, Concrete and Composite Bridges, Part 10: Code of practise for fatigue, London, England.
3. Commission of the European Communities, 1992, Eurocode No.3: Common unified rules for steel structures, Luxembourg.
4. Fuchs, H. O. & Stephens, R. J. 1980, Metal fatigue in engineering, A Wiley Interscience publication, John Wiley and Sons.
5. Ghosh, A. 1996, “Residual strength approach of welded components subjected to repeated loading”, Phd Thesis, University of Adelaide.