1. Center for Long-term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2. Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3. College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
4. Department of Education and Psychology, University of Dubuque; 2000 University Ave, Dubuque, Iowa, USA