1. Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (formerly called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
2. Postgraduate College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
3. Postgraduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
4. Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
5. Postgraduate College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
6. Postgraduate College, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
7. Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, USA