1. Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
2. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Office Reconstruction and Projects, Baghdad, Iraq
3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
4. Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
5. Applied Medical Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia