1. Institute of Tourism Research, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. People’s Republic of China
2. School of Community Resources and Development, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
3. Hainan University-Arizona State University Joint International Tourism College, Hainan University, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA