1. School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
2. Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
3. Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
4. Chair of Cartography and Visual Analytics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
5. Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
6. Guangdong – Hong Kong – Macau Joint Laboratory for Smart Cities, Shenzhen, China