1. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Smart Sensing and Services, School of Architecture and Urban Planning & Research Institute for Smart Cities, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
2. Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
4. Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
5. Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
6. Senseable City Laboratory, SMART Centre, Singapore, Singapore