The (oxalato)aluminate complex as an antimicrobial substance protecting the “shiro” of Tricholoma matsutake from soil micro-organisms

Author:

Nishino Katsutoshi1,Shiro Misao1,Okura Ryuki1,Oizumi Kazuya1,Fujita Toru2,Sasamori Takahiro3,Tokitoh Norihiro3,Yamada Akiyoshi4,Tanaka Chihiro1,Yamaguchi Muneyoshi5,Hiradate Syuntaro6,Hirai Nobuhiro1

Affiliation:

1. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

2. Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center, Kameoka, Japan

3. Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan

4. Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan

5. Department of Applied Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan

6. Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan

Abstract

Abstract Tricholoma matsutake, a basidiomycete, forms ectomycorrhizas with Pinus densiflora as the host tree. Its fruiting body, “matsutake” in Japanese, is an edible and highly prized mushroom, and it grows in a circle called a fairy ring. Beneath the fairy ring of T. matsutake, a whitish mycelium-soil aggregated zone, called “shiro” in Japanese, develops. The front of the shiro, an active mycorrhizal zone, functions to gather nutrients from the soil and roots to nourish the fairy ring. Bacteria and sporulating fungi decrease from the shiro front, whereas they increase inside and outside the shiro front. Ohara demonstrated that the shiro front exhibited antimicrobial activity, but the antimicrobial substance has remained unidentified for 50 years. We have identified the antimicrobial substance as the (oxalato)aluminate complex, known as a reaction product of oxalic acid and aluminum phosphate to release soluble phosphorus. The complex protects the shiro from micro-organisms, and contributes to its development.

Funder

JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Organic Chemistry,Molecular Biology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,General Medicine,Biochemistry,Analytical Chemistry,Biotechnology

Reference31 articles.

1. Mycorrhizal fungi;Smith;Crit. Rev. Microbiol,1974

2. Ectomycorrhizae as biological deterrents to pathogenic root infections;Donald;Annu. Rev. Phytopathol,1972

3. Ecology and management of the commercially harvested American matsutake mushrooms;Hosford,1997

4. Microbial ecology of mycorrhizal fungus, Tricholoma matsutake Ito et Imai (Sing.) in pine forest I. Fungal colony (‘Shiro’) of Tricholoma matsutake;Ogawa,1975

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