1. Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
2. Department of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Technical Education, Mbeya University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Mbeya
3. Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35064, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
4. Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania