1. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education) and School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
2. Department of Transportation and Geotechnical Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Geography and Economics, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
5. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China