1. 1950. ‘We, brown people, sons of slaves, want our country back, which was stolen from our fathers, as they lived in peace. Give it back now, give it back now, remove all slavery. Botha shall not keep us down now, Africa shall soon be free.’ This particular version was sung in District Six in the s, and also in the western Cape student movement in the early 1980s. Another version is currently being sung in the modern coloured resistance movement
2. 1972. These features of collective memory have been discussed more extensively in Y. Abrahams, ‘Resistance, Pacification and Consciousness: A Discussion of the Historiography of Khoisan Resistance from to 1993, and of Khoisan Resistance from 1652 to 1853’ (MA thesis, Queens University, 1994), 109–11
3. Indentured and Unfree Labour in South Africa: Towards an Understanding
4. In this article the term ‘inboeksystem' is used to designate the various forms of forced labour to which the Khoisan were subjected, while the terms ‘inboekelinge' or ‘ingeboektes' are used to refer to the forced labourers
5. Newton-King, S. 1760–1799. ‘The Enemy Within: The Struggle for Ascendancy on the Cape Eastern Frontier,’ (PhD thesis, University of London, 1992), 388