1. Stommel , Henry . 1965. The Gulf Stream: A Physical and Dynamical Description, 2nd ed. 1–2. Berkeley and Los Angeles Definitions and descriptions of the Gulf Stream have changed to reflect the growing sophistication of scientific endeavours directed toward gaining a thorough understanding of its causes and nature since the eighteenth century. Present day researchers such as F. C. Fuglister and H. Stommel, see the Gulf Stream as but one element in a far more complex global system of circulation operating in the North Atlantic Ocean. See:
2. 1891. Report for 1890) United States Coast and Geodetic Survey 488–515. Washington