1. Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
2. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
3. The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA