1. Arnold, Edwin T. What Virtue There Is in Fire: Cultural Memory and the Lynching of Sam Hose. U of Georgia P, 2010.
2. Banner, Stuart. The Death Penalty: An American History. Harvard UP, 2003.
3. Berg, Manfred. Popular Justice: A History of Lynching in America. Ivan R. Dee, 2011.
4. Stop and Frisk: From Slave-Catchers to NYPD, a Legal Commentary;Browne-Marshall Gloria J.;Trotter Review,2013
5. The lawlessness of law: lynching and anti-lynching in the contemporary USA