1. Center for Image and Information Processing, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
2. Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Application Technology for Crime Scene Investigation, Ministry of Public Security, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
3. Rekindle Pte Ltd, Singapore
4. School of Eng and IT, Federation University, Australia
5. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA