1. The Great Trek in Relation to the Mfecane: A Reassessment
2. However he also points out, contradictorily, that the Rolong were unified as a ‘nation’ in the eighteenth century under Tau and subsequently became fragmented: see pp. 28, 53–4, 74, 138, 224, etc
3. 1843. The origins of the idea of themfecaneEtherington traces to an article by Moffat in theSouth African Commercial Advertiser, to documents reprinted by J.C. Chase in theNatal Papers, originally published in (see pp. 61, 147–8, 330–2) and to ideas of British military officials wrongly regarding the ‘Fetcani’ as having been driven into Xhosa territory by Shaka. Eventually the idea ‘of the Zulu kingdom as an explosive force that drove other chiefs fleeing in all directions came to be applied to all south-eastern Africa up to the Zambezi and beyond’ (pp. 158–9, 169, 332). He exaggerates the contemporary influence of the press. Thus he claimsas a resultof Moffat's 1824 article ‘Sotho-speaking people who were looking for work south of the Orange found themselves [wrongly] called ‘Mantatees’ by everyone, no matter where they came from’ (p. 148). The wrongful attribution of the epithet ‘Mantatees’ was common currency among blacks and whites at the time and is in no way due to Moffat's article
4. Thompson, L. and Wilson, M. 1969.Oxford History of South Africa, Vol. 1: South Africa to 1870334–446. Oxford (eds)
5. Of Revelation and Revolution, Volume 1