1. Clark, Mark W. 1954.From the Danube to the Yalu102New York: Harper.
2. International Human Rights League of Korea, “Bukhan-eokryu han-gukgun porodeul-eu siltae bogoseo [Report on Real Conditions of South Korean Captives Detained in North Korea],” 1995, p. 15.
3. Junshikexueyuan junshilishiyenjiusuo (Center on Military History in Military Affairs Research Center) ed.Zhongguo renmin zhiyuanjun kangmeiyuanchao zhanshi(History of the War of the Chinese People's Volunteers to Resist America and Assist Korea), Junshikexue chubanshe (Publishing House of Military Science), 1988.
4. The South Korean government only recognized 19,409 captives and deaths subsequent to capture by the communists based on investigating the original units in 1994. However, the Commander of the UN Forces reported a total of 82,318 South Korean MIAs in August 1953, while the US Ambassador U. Alexis Johnson cited 166,297 South Korean MIAs in his briefing to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on May 11,1954. Paul M. Cole, “The Korean War,”POW/MIA Issues, Vol. 1 (Santa Monica: RAND, 1994), p. 229.