1. a Department of Environmental Science , University College of Agriculture and Environmental Studies , PO Box 27 Bunso, Eastern Region , Ghana
2. b Christian Service University College , PO Box KS 3110, Kumasi , Ghana
3. c Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology , Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology , Kumasi , Ghana
4. d Department of Biology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, N2L 3G1 Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
5. e Biology Department and Large Lakes Observatory , University of Minnesota – Duluth 2205 , East Fifth Street, Duluth , MN , 55812 , USA