1. Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
2. Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, USA
3. Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital/Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
4. School of Nursing and Health Studies/Human Science, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
5. Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA