1. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, PR China
2. Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidifcation Technology, Institue of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UK
3. Mechanical Engineering, Helmut Schmidt University, University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
4. Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Parsons Building, Dublin 2, Ireland