1. Department of Geography, College of Education, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq;
2. Department of Chemistry, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq;
3. Department of Geology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq;
4. Scholarships and Cultural Relations Department, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq;
5. Marine Geology Department, Marine Sciences Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq