1. School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan R.O.C.
2. Department of Nursing, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan R.O.C.
3. Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.
4. Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA