1. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
2. Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
3. Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center, Niigata, Japan
4. Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
5. Shikoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kochi, Japan