1. a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
2. b Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, McGill University, 21 111 Lake-shore, Ste-Anne-De-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
3. c Department of Chemical Systems, National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, 305 Japan