1. Laboratory of Physical Geography (LLGP), UMR 8591 CNRS, University Paris1Panthéon-Sorbonne and University Paris-Est Meudon Cedex, France
2. Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Areas, University of Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
3. Department of Geography & GIS, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
4. Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia