1. Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3. Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
4. Respiratory Services, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5. School of Nursing, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
6. Institute for Research on Addictive Behavior, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA