1. Department of Finance, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
2. School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
3. Science and Information College, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao, China
4. Technological Center, Shandng Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Qingdao, China
5. Department of Finance, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA