1. Lieutenant Colonel Charles D. Fletcher, USAF, “Counter-Proliferation Measures” (presented at Ohio Arms Control Seminar, Mershon Center, 4 June 1994), detailed current Pentagon development of non-nuclear deterrence strategies. Also, see testimony by General Colin Powell before the Subcommittee on Defense of the Senate Appropriations Committee on 21 April 1993 , cited in Friedberg ,“The Future of American Power,”6 .
2. There are two general assumptions adopted for this paper. First, the analysis is of a pure conventional environment in which major war is a possibility. Contingencies involving nuclear-armed opponents implicitly fall under flexible response dynamics and are not considered. Second, Samuel Huntington's argument that “a pure denial strategy inherently is a much weaker deterrent than one which combines both denial and retaliation” is accepted and a retaliatory structure is thus forwarded. Huntington ,“Conventional Deterrence and Conventional Retaliation,”37 .