1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
3. Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Prescription Monitoring Program, Boston, MA, USA
4. School of Business, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern UniversityD’Amore-McKim, Boston, MA, USA