1. Abunnasr Maria. “The Making of Ras Beirut: A Landscape of Memory for Narratives of Exceptionalism 1870–1975.” PhD diss. University of Massachusetts Amherst 2013.
2. al-Kik Henri. “Fī tafāsīl al-khuṭūṭ al-munamnamah.” al-Bayraq. 1974.
3. Image and visual culture after the pictorial turn: an outsider's note
4. Benjamin, Walter. The Arcades Project. Translated Howard Eiland and Kevin McLaughlin. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.
5. Chammas, Carla, Rachel Dedman, Omar Kholeif, and Christine Tohme, eds. Helen Khal: Gallery One and Beirut in the 1960s. London: Sternberg Press in association with artPost21, 2023.