1. W. W. Rouse Ball, A Short History of Mathematics, 3rd ed., Macmillan, New York, 1901.
2. Eric T. Bell, Mathematics: Queen and Servant of Sciences, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1951.
3. Eric T. Bell, The Development of Mathematics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1940.
4. Garrett Birkhoff and Thomas C. Bartee, Modern Applied Algebra, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970.
5. Garrett Birkhoffand Saunders Mac Lane, A Survey of Modern Algebra, Macmillan, New York, 1941.