Stock type in intensive silviculture: A (short) discussion about roots and size

Abstract

I present an overview of some main issues related to the role of stock type in the intensive silviculture of conifers. The aim of my analysis is to answer some aspects of the question of whether or not foresters involved in intensive silviculture in eastern Canada should be concerned with stock type selection. When artificially establishing a forest stand, stock type selection can interact with other treatments to influence plantation success and productivity. Of particular importance are seedling size and root system characteristics. Research has demonstrated the greater intrinsic growth potential and competitive ability of larger seedlings as compared to standard stock sizes. These results also illustrate the multiplier effect of planting large spruce (Picea spp.) seedlings, combined with a release treatment to reduce competing vegetation. The larger size of bareroot seedlings compared to container seedlings has often been seen as improving their competitive potential, although mortality of such stock has been higher. However, recent nursery practices are increasing the size of containerized seedlings and improving the quality of bareroot stock. The issue is now more dependent on practical reforestation considerations than on field performance. Other considerations, such as seedling genetic potential and seedling nutritional status can be raised. The production of seedling characteristics specifically for growth performance is essential to intensive plantation management, but plantation success requires both proper stock type selection and appropriate silviculture. Key words: plantation, intensive forestry, seedling size, root systems, silviculture, boreal conifers