A SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF MULTI-LEVEL SUPPLY CHAIN MODEL BASED ON CYBERNETIC MODELING OF VIABLE SYSTEMS

Abstract

Iryna Fedotova E-mail: irina7vf@gmail.com Associate Professor Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-0224   Nadiia Bocharova   E-mail: bocharova.n.a.xnadu@gmail.com  Associate Professor Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-0187 The article discusses the structure and levels of supply chain formation as a logistics system from a systemic approach perspective. Research on the formation of logistics systems is important both theoretically and practically. The goal of the research is to improve the theoretical foundations of the formation of a multi-level supply chain model based on the concept of modeling viable systems. A supply chain model based on the methodological apparatus of cybernetic modeling of viable systems is proposed. The supply chain model is presented in the form of a subject (metasystem) and an object of management (operational element), which is proposed in the form of links-elements of the supply chain. This allows coordinating material and other flows in the supply chain, providing viable means of development and maintaining long-term business relationships, and achieving synergistic effects from the interaction between system links. Flows in this system are formed into a logistics chain, which generally combines producers, intermediaries, carriers, and consumers. Based on the structural-level and metasystemic approaches, the main levels and structure of the supply chain are defined. To form a multi-level supply chain model, a differentiation criterion for levels is proposed, which allows, in accordance with the metasystemic approach, to identify five levels of the supply chain - element, component, subsystem, system and metasystem. The multi-level model of an integrated supply chain requires the integration of various functional areas and their participants at all levels within a single supply chain for its optimization and can be applied to any enterprises. The proposed theoretical foundations make it possible to coordinate such management objects in the logistics system as interaction between chain participants, logistics functions, business processes, and create their specific structure and determine integration levels. The structure of the mechanism for forming the supply chain is proposed, which is based on five functions: planning, procurement, production, sales, returns. The feature of the proposed mechanism is that special attention is paid to information support. Generalizing the structure of the supply chain mechanism will improve the effectiveness of establishing logistics links for the enterprise.