Effect of maternal reproductive factors on prenatal screening rates in the first trimester

Abstract

Effect of maternal factors on indicators of increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities (CA), pre-eclampsia (PE), Small-forGestational-Age Fetus (SGA fetus) and preterm labour and birth (PB) during prenatal screening has not been sufficiently studied. Aim. To study the effect of maternal reproductive factors on the risk indicators of CA, PE, SGA fetus and PB, assessed during prenatal screening using the Astraia Obstetrics module. Materials and methods. Of the 11,841 pregnant women who were prenatal screened, 18.53% of the patients had at high risk of the outcomes studied (frequency 1: 100 and above). The subgroup of isolated high risk for CA included 69, PE — 66, SGA fetus — 48, PB — 52 patients. From the group of patients with low risk, 208 patients were selected for the control group by the method of stratified randomization by age. Results. Among extragenital diseases, the most common in all high-risk subgroups were: hypertension (AH) I and II degree — 31–47% versus 4.8% of the control group (p < 0.05), varicose veins of the lower extremities (VVLE) — 17–30% vs. 5.3% in the control group (p < 0.05), a history of ovarian tumor — 12–33% vs. 3% in the control group (p < 0.05). In the high-risk subgroups for the development of CA, PE and SGA fetus, fibroids uterus and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) were more common compared to control: 10–41% vs. 1% (p < 0.05) and 10–17% vs. 3% (p < 0.05), respectively (p < 0.05). Primiparas with a history of pregnancy were more common in subgroups with a high risk of CA (33%) and PR (35%) versus 17% in controls. Conclusion. An association has been established between high risk for all the outcomes studied and AC, VVLE, history of ovarian tumor. High-risk subgroups for CA, PE and SGA fetus have a higher incidence of uterine fibroids and IDA compared to control.