Peatland Plant Functional Type Effects on Early Decomposition Indicators are Non-Pervasive, but Microhabitat Dependent

Abstract

AbstractOmbrotrophic peatlands are important long-term sinks for atmospheric carbon as plant productivity exceeds litter decomposition. Changes in plant community composition may alter decomposition rates through alterations in microbial communities and activity. Such plant community driven changes in decomposition rates may however differ between microhabitats. Nevertheless, the microhabitat-context-dependency of plant community composition effects on decomposition remains poorly understood. We used a long-term (> 10 year) plant removal experiment to study how vascular plant functional types (PFTs, i.e. graminoids and ericoids) influence decomposition processes in wet lawns and hummocks. We employed the Tea Bag Index (TBI) as an indicator for early litter decomposition and carbon stabilization and assessed the potential activity of five hydrolytic extracellular enzymes (EEAs) as indicators for microbial activity. PFT removal had no effect on the TBI decomposition rate constant (k), nor on the stabilization factor (S). Yet, k increased slightly when both PFTs were absent. In the lawns, we observed higher values of k and S as compared to hummocks. PFT composition influenced four out of five hydrolytic EEAs that can drive decomposition. Yet, this influence was non-pervasive and microhabitat dependent. In wet lawns, PFT removal generally increased enzyme activities, while opposite trends were detected in the hummocks. Our results suggest an important role for vegetation change, through their influence on enzyme activity, along the lawn-hummock gradient in regulating decomposition processes in northern peatlands. This implies that potential consequences of vegetation changes on organic matter turnover, hence the peatland carbon sink function, cannot be generalized across peatland microhabitats.