Water Losses

Abstract

AbstractThe volume of water losses depends largely on the approach to active leakage control of the water networks. Losses comprise physical losses (leakages on transmission and/or distribution networks, at utility’s storage tanks, and on service connections), commercial losses (unauthorised consumption and metering inaccuracies and data handling errors) and unbilled authorised consumption (unbilled metered and unmetered consumption). Reduction of real water losses may be achieved through leak detection and pipe repair and replacement, district metered areas (DMAs), and pressure management. Water loss management for reducing commercial losses may be achieved through water meters and customer reporting’s of illegal connections. All ASEAN countries implement water loss management through a combination of such measures.