1. Liu, B., Yu, X., An, G., et al.: Aerodynamic design and optimization of tandem blades. Aeroengine 47(4), 37–50 (2021)
2. Yi, W., Yu, J., Song, H., et al.: Application of continuous/discrete adjoint optimization method in turbomachinery aerodynamic design. In: The 38th Technical Exchange Conference and the Second Joint Conference of Aerospace Power of the Third Professional Information Network of China Aerospace, pp. 14–17. Aerospace Propulsion Technology Information Society, Dalian (2017)
3. Samareh, J.A.: A Novel. Shape Parameterization Approach; Technical Report NASA-TM-1999-209116; NASA Langley: Hampton, VA, USA (1999)
4. Wang, D.X., He, L., Li, Y.S., Wells, R.G.: Adjoint aerodynamic design optimization for blades in multistage turbomachines—Part II: Validation and application. J. Turbomach. 132, 021012 (2010)
5. Wu, C.H.: A general theory of three-dimensional flow in subsonic and supersonic turbomachines of axial-, radial-, and mixed-flow types. NACA-TN-2604 (1952)