1. Al-Idrissi, Alaa, and Wolfram Lacher. “Capital of Militias, Tripoli’s Armed Groups Capture the Libyan State.” Small Arms Survey, June 2018. https://www.smallarmssurvey.org/sites/default/files/resources/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-armed-groups.pdf.
2. Al-Shadeedi, Al-Hamzeh, and Nancy Ezzeddine. “Libyan Tribes in the Shadows of War and Peace.” Clingendael, Netherlands Institute of International Relations, 18 February 2019. https://www.clingendael.org/publication/libyan-tribes-shadow-war-and-peace.
3. Anderson, Lisa. “Tribe and State: Libyan Anomalies.” In Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East. Edited by Shukry Khoury, Philip Khoury, and Joseph Kostiner. California: University of California Press, 1990.
4. Arjona, Ana, Nelson Kasfir, and Zachariah Mampilly, eds. Rebel Governance in Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
5. Author’s Interview with Libyan Journalist Ismail al-Qeretly. 28 December 2021.