Does a lack of vaccine side effects correlate with reduced BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine response among healthcare workers and nursing home residents?

Author:

Oyebanji Oladayo A.,Wilson Brigid,Keresztesy Debbie,Carias Lenore,Wilk Dennis,Payne Michael,Aung Htin,Denis Kerri St.,Lam Evan C.,Rowley Christopher F.,Berry Sarah D.,Cameron Cheryl M.,Cameron Mark J.,Schmader Kenneth E.,Balazs Alejandro B.,King Christopher L.,Canaday David H.ORCID,Gravenstein Stefan

Abstract

Abstract Background The BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has mitigated the burden of COVID-19 among residents of long-term care facilities considerably, despite being excluded from the vaccine trials. Data on reactogenicity (vaccine side effects) in this population are limited. Aims To assess reactogenicity among nursing home (NH) residents. To provide a plausible proxy for predicting vaccine response among this population. Methods We enrolled and sampled NH residents and community-dwelling healthcare workers who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, to assess local or systemic reactogenicity and antibody levels (immunogenicity). Results NH residents reported reactions at a much lower frequency and lesser severity than the community-dwelling healthcare workers. These reactions were mild and transient with all subjects experiencing more local than systemic reactions. Based on our reactogenicity and immunogenicity data, we developed a linear regression model predicting log-transformed anti-spike, anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD), and neutralizing titers, with a dichotomous variable indicating the presence or absence of reported reactions which revealed a statistically significant effect, with estimated shifts in log-transformed titers ranging from 0.32 to 0.37 (all p < 0.01) indicating greater immunogenicity in subjects with one or more reported reactions of varying severity. Discussion With a significantly lower incidence of post-vaccination reactions among NH residents as reported in this study, the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine appears to be well-tolerated among this vulnerable population. If validated in larger populations, absence of reactogenicity could help guide clinicians in prioritizing vaccine boosters. Conclusions Reactogenicity is significantly mild among nursing home residents and overall, subjects who reported post-vaccination reactions developed higher antibody titers.

Funder

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

National Institute on Aging

National Cancer Institute

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Geriatrics and Gerontology,Aging

Reference37 articles.

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