Author:
Alves-Costa Silas,Leite Fábio Renato Manzolli,Ladeira Lorena Lúcia Costa,Lima-Soares Fernanda,de Andrade Paes Antonio Marcus,de Souza Bruno Feres,Nascimento Gustavo G.,Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Periodontitis is a non-communicable disease (NCD) that may be linked to other NCDs through shared risk factors. Accordingly, we analyzed the relationship between periodontitis and behavioral and metabolic risks common to NCDs in Brazilian adults over three decades.
Methods
Indicators of periodontitis, behavioral risks (smoking, alcohol use, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and physical activity), and metabolic risks (overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension) in Brazilian adults (25–49 y-old) between 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data were adjusted for Gini index. Fixed-effects and Prais-Winsten regressions were performed (p < 0.05).
Results
The prevalence of periodontitis has increased among Brazilians since 2005. High-SSB diet, alcohol use, and metabolic risks increased between 1990–2019, whereas smoking decreased. In crude models, periodontitis prevalence increased with alcohol use (2545.1; 95%CI: 2307.9–2782.3), high-SSB diet (365.5; 95%CI: 322.5–408.4), low physical activity (1784.4; 95%CI: 763.7–2805.0), overweight/obesity (172.3; 95%CI: 156.3–188.4), dyslipidemia (734.5; 95%CI: 624.7–844.2), and hyperglycemia (1774.3; 95%CI: 1555.9–1992.7). After adjustment for the Gini index, periodontitis prevalence raised with a high-SBB diet (1416.0; 95%CI: 1120.2–1711.8), overweight/obesity (629.9; 95%CI: 573.1–686.8), dyslipidemia (2035.8; 95%CI: 1728.1–2343.5), and hyperglycemia (8918.1; 95%CI: 7979.8–9856.3).
Conclusions
Periodontitis has increased in Brazil since 2005, despite the smoking reduction. Sugar-sweetened beverage was the behavioral risk that mostly accompanied the periodontal trend.
Clinical relevance
Our results support upstream strategies targeting commercial, social, political, and structural determinants to tackle NCDs and reduce oral health inequities.
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Royal Danish Library, Aarhus University Library
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC