The characteristics of Polish patients with salivary gland tumors: a ten-year single-center experience

Abstract

Abstract Objectives The study aims to provide insights into the characteristics of Polish patients with different salivary gland pathologies. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study conducted at a single center, including patients who underwent surgery for salivary gland pathologies between 2012 and 2022. Results This study included 239 patients who underwent surgery for salivary gland tumors or inflammatory diseases. Malignant tumors were diagnosed in 9.8% of participants, while 64% had benign tumors and 21% suffered from inflammation. The occurrence of complications after surgery was relatively low, with 9.9% of participants experiencing slight facial weakness or mild dysfunction, and 3% experiencing complete paralysis of the facial nerves. Significant differences were observed between patients with cancers and those with benign tumors and inflammation in terms of age. Cancers were more common in females (67% vs. 33%) and predominantly localized in the parotid glands (95%). Conclusion Benign tumors, such as Warthin's tumors and polymorphous adenoma, were predominantly found in the parotid glands of patients aged 39–72 years. On the other hand, inflammatory diseases were primarily localized within the submandibular glands of males aged 40–68 years. Additionally, the presence of a malignant tumor was associated with longer hospitalization periods related to surgery and a higher risk of severe complications. Clinical relevance This study on Polish patients with salivary gland tumors provides valuable clinical insights that can aid in diagnosis, treatment planning, patient counseling, and further research in the field of oncology. It contributes to the overall understanding of salivary gland tumors, potentially benefiting both patients and healthcare providers.