Post-extraction volumetric analysis of alveolar ridge contour using subepithelial connective tissue graft in esthetic zone: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract

Abstract Objectives The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to assess the alveolar ridge contour after soft tissue augmentation using subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) buccal to fresh extraction sockets in patients with thin buccal bone, versus minimally-traumatic extraction followed by spontaneous healing solely. Materials and methods Forty non-restorable maxillary teeth in the esthetic zone were randomly assigned into two groups: minimally-traumatic extraction with SCTG (test) and minimally-traumatic extraction followed by spontaneous healing (control). The outcomes assessed included linear volumetric change of buccal soft tissue contour, vertical tissue loss, gingival thickness (GT), and interdental papilla (IDP) height after 6 months. Results The SCTG group showed a significant improvement (P < 0.001) in all outcomes after 6 months. The SCTG group showed a statistically significant (P < 0.001) gain in the buccal soft tissue volumetric change compared to the control group. The SCTG group showed a statistically significant increase in GT (P < 0.001) and IDP height (P < 0.05) after 6 months compared to the control group. Conclusions The use of SCTG buccal to extraction sockets in the anterior maxilla might be considered as a predictable approach for preserving the alveolar ridge contour. Clinical relevance SCTG buccal to extraction sockets might counteract post-extraction hard and soft tissue alterations in the esthetic zone.