Optimal keyframe selection-based lossless video-watermarking technique using IGSA in LWT domain for copyright protection

Abstract

AbstractVideo piracy is a challenging issue in the modern world. Approximately $$90\%$$ 90 % of newly released films were illegally distributed around the world via the Internet. To overcome this issue, video watermarking is an effective process that integrates a logo in video frames as a watermark. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient lossless video-watermarking scheme based on optimal keyframe selection using an intelligent gravitational search algorithm in linear wavelet transform. This technique obtains color motion and motionless frames from the cover video by the histogram difference method. One-level linear wavelet transform is performed on the chrominance channel of motion frames and a low-frequency sub-band LL opts for watermark embedding. The performance of the proposed technique has been evaluated against 12 video processing attacks in terms of imperceptibility and robustness. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms five state-of-the-art schemes on the considered attacks.