1. Considering that Art. 1F should not be addressed in isolation from other areas of international law, including human rights, humanitarian, international criminal law, and extradition law, see The European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE), Position on Exclusion from Refugee Status (PP1/03/2004/Ext/CA), March 2004 (2004) 16 Int J Refugee Law, at 265.
2. Art. 1F(a) reads: ‘The provisions of this Convention shall not apply to any person with respect to whom there are serious reasons for considering that: (a) he has committed a crime against peace, a war crime, or a crime against humanity, as defined in the international instruments drawn up to make provision in respect of such crimes;’ 1951 UN Refugee Convention.
3. Summary Conclusions on Exclusion, as part of the UNHCR Global Consultations on International Protection held in Lisbon in 2001, in E. Feller, et al. (eds.), Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR’s Global Consultations on International Protection (2003), 479 at 480, para. 3.
4. See E. Santalla Vargas, ‘Ensuring Protection and Prosecution of Alleged Torturers: Looking for Compatibility of Non-Refoulement Protection and Prosecution of International Crimes’ (2006) 8(1) European Journal of Migration and Law 41, at 43–44.
5. In this regard, the Summary Conclusions on Exclusion, as part of the UNHCR Global Consultations on International Protection, indicate that ‘[n]on-returnability under human rights law is much wider than the protection afforded under the 1951 Convention. Such non-returnability could be available to those excluded from refugee status,’ supra note 3, at 484, para. 32.