1. On its origins see K. Ambos, ‘Nulla Poena Sine Lege in International Criminal Law’, in R. Haveman and O. Olusanya (eds.), Sentencing and Sanctioning in Supranational Criminal Law (2006), 17 at 21.
2. Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal (‘The Blue Series’), Vol. XXII, at 462: ‘In the first place, it is to be observed that the maxim nullum crimen sine lege is not a limitation of sovereignty, but is in general a principle of justice.’ See also H. Kelsen, ‘Will the Judgment in the Nuremberg Trial Constitute a Precedent in International Law?’ (1947) 1 The International Law Quarterly 153, at 164–5 arguing for a subjective approach and calling the prohibition of ex post fact laws a ‘principle of justice’, reprinted in G. Mettraux (ed.), Perspectives on the Nuremberg trial (2008), at 274.
3. See for the different ad hoc or mixed tribunals K. Ambos and M. Othmann (eds.), New Approaches in International Criminal Justice: Kosovo, East Timor, Sierra Leone and Cambodia (2003);
4. C. P. Romano (ed.), Internationalized Criminal Courts and Tribunals: Sierra Leone, East Timor, Kosovo and Cambodia (2004);
5. W. Schabas, The UN International Criminal Tribunals: The Former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone (2006);