Inertial effects in just-saturated axisymmetric column collapses

Author:

Webb WilliamORCID,Heron Charles,Turnbull Barbara

Abstract

AbstractThis work introduces a scaling analysis of sub-aerial axisymmetric column collapses of glass beads and Newtonian glycerol-water solutions mimicking some of the behaviours of debris flows. The beads were in a size range where their inertia partly decouples their collapse behaviour from the water column. Experiments explored a range of viscous, surface tension and particle inertia effects through systematic variation of particle size and fluid viscosity. Crucially a geotechnical centrifuge was used to access elevated effective gravitational accelerations driving the collapse, allowing field-scale viscous and surface tension effects to be replicated. Temporal pore pressure and run out front position evolution data was extracted using a pressure transducer and high speed imaging, respectively. A least-squares fitted scale analysis demonstrated that all characteristic dimensionless quantities of the acceleration phase could be described as a function of the column-scale Bond number $$\text{ Bo }$$ Bo , the Capillary number $$\text{ Ca }$$ Ca , the system size $$r^*$$ r , and the grain-fluid density ratio $$\rho ^*$$ ρ . This analysis demonstrated that collapses as characterised by pore pressure evolution and front positions were controlled by the ratio of $$\text{ Bo}/\text{Ca}$$ Bo / Ca . This indicates that grain-scale surface tension effects are negligible in such inertial column collapses where they may dominate laboratory-scale granular-fluid flow behaviour where geometric similarity between grain and system size is preserved. Graphical abstract

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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